Human brain · मानव मस्तिष्क
The brain is the control centre of the body. It sits safe inside the bony skull and talks to the whole body through the spinal cord and nerves. It has three main regions: the forebrain, the midbrain and the hindbrain.
Human brain games
Tap a part of the diagram
You will hear its name and see what it does.
Parts and what they do
| Part | What it does |
|---|---|
| 1. Cerebrum (forebrain) प्रमस्तिष्क (अग्रमस्तिष्क) | The biggest part of the brain. We use it to think, remember, speak and learn, and it controls the movements we choose to make. It also gets messages from the eyes, ears, nose, tongue and skin. |
| 2. Hypothalamus हाइपोथैलेमस | A small part at the base of the forebrain. It controls hunger, thirst and body temperature, and tells the pituitary gland what to do. |
| 3. Pituitary gland पीयूष ग्रंथि | A pea-sized gland below the brain. It makes hormones, like growth hormone, and controls other glands — so it is called the master gland. |
| 4. Spinal cord मेरुरज्जु | A long bundle of nerves inside the backbone. It carries messages between the brain and the body and handles reflex actions, like pulling your hand away from a hot pan. |
| 5. Midbrain मध्यमस्तिष्क | Joins the forebrain to the hindbrain. It helps with quick reflexes of the eyes and ears, like turning towards a loud sound. |
| 6. Pons पोंस | Part of the hindbrain. It helps control breathing. |
| 7. Cerebellum (hindbrain) अनुमस्तिष्क | Part of the hindbrain at the back. It keeps our balance and posture and makes movements smooth and exact — walking in a straight line, riding a cycle, picking up a pencil. |
| 8. Medulla oblongata मेडुला (मेरुशीर्ष) | Part of the hindbrain that joins the spinal cord. It controls involuntary actions: heartbeat, blood pressure, swallowing, salivation and vomiting. |
Voluntary and involuntary actions
Voluntary actions are the ones we decide to do — writing, talking, kicking a ball. The cerebrum controls them. Involuntary actions happen on their own — heartbeat, breathing, digestion. The medulla and other parts of the hindbrain control many of them.
Reflex actions
When you touch a hot pan, your hand jumps back before you even feel the pain. The message goes to the spinal cord, which sends the order back to the muscles at once — the brain finds out a moment later. This quick path is called a reflex arc.
How the brain is kept safe
- The bony skull (cranium) protects it.
- A fluid around it acts like a cushion against shocks.
- The backbone (vertebral column) protects the spinal cord.
Follows NCERT Science Class 10, chapter 7 (Control and coordination). A simple side view for school — real brains are more complex.
The chart has the labelled diagram and what each part does. The worksheet has the diagram with blank labels and questions.
Human brain · मानव मस्तिष्क
| Part | What it does |
|---|---|
| 1. Cerebrum (forebrain) प्रमस्तिष्क (अग्रमस्तिष्क) | The biggest part of the brain. We use it to think, remember, speak and learn, and it controls the movements we choose to make. It also gets messages from the eyes, ears, nose, tongue and skin. |
| 2. Hypothalamus हाइपोथैलेमस | A small part at the base of the forebrain. It controls hunger, thirst and body temperature, and tells the pituitary gland what to do. |
| 3. Pituitary gland पीयूष ग्रंथि | A pea-sized gland below the brain. It makes hormones, like growth hormone, and controls other glands — so it is called the master gland. |
| 4. Spinal cord मेरुरज्जु | A long bundle of nerves inside the backbone. It carries messages between the brain and the body and handles reflex actions, like pulling your hand away from a hot pan. |
| 5. Midbrain मध्यमस्तिष्क | Joins the forebrain to the hindbrain. It helps with quick reflexes of the eyes and ears, like turning towards a loud sound. |
| 6. Pons पोंस | Part of the hindbrain. It helps control breathing. |
| 7. Cerebellum (hindbrain) अनुमस्तिष्क | Part of the hindbrain at the back. It keeps our balance and posture and makes movements smooth and exact — walking in a straight line, riding a cycle, picking up a pencil. |
| 8. Medulla oblongata मेडुला (मेरुशीर्ष) | Part of the hindbrain that joins the spinal cord. It controls involuntary actions: heartbeat, blood pressure, swallowing, salivation and vomiting. |
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Human brain — worksheet
Name: ____________________ Date: __________
A. Label the parts of the diagram.
B. Answer these.
Answers: kheloaurseekho.in/science/human-brain-diagram/
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